Risen Lord Initiating Headship (Jn. 20:19-21:25)

westminsterreformedchurch.org

Pastor Ostella

8-10-2003

 

Introduction

            For communion reflection today, I want to direct your thoughts again to the resurrection appearances of the Lord Jesus. I want to direct you specifically to the actions of Christ that are recorded at the end of the Gospel of John (particularly 20:19f.). We should view them in the context of the Headship of Christ because they are the first things that Jesus did after His exaltation to be Head over all things to the church (Eph. 1:22 ). Being Head over all things means that He is ruler, universal sovereign, and King of kings.

            Another way of saying that Jesus is Head of all is to refer to Him as Sabbath king. On resurrection day, He entered into a royal rest. That is, He ceased from the redemptive work of humiliation and began His redemptive rule of exaltation. Consider what happened on that day. Jesus, son of Mary, became universal sovereign redeemer on that unique day in history. Recall that in a number of ways, John calls our attention to the day of the resurrection not just to the fact of the resurrection (for example, cf. 20:19 , "that day, the first day of the week"). Sunday was set apart because (as I argued last time) it was the inaugural day of Christ's kingly rule as risen Lord (I am ascending: I am beginning my rule from heaven’s throne). In short, Sunday became the Christian Sabbath because on this day the Sabbath king began His rule. His day, the Lord's Day (Rev. 1:10) is therefore to be remembered, set aside, and kept holy in honor to Him our redeemer in His office as Sabbath king.

            Now I want us to soak in John's perspective regarding the first things that Jesus did on resurrection day and immediately flowing out from that day (the lack of specificity regarding the precise day of some post-resurrection events puts the accent on the specified day in even bolder relief). All the actions on the other days flow out from the first resurrection Sunday as acts of the ascended Lord even though His literal ascension did not occur for another forty days.

As Sabbath king:

            He bestows the Holy Spirit (Jn. 20:19 -23)

                He announces the blessing of the church (Jn. 20:24 -29)

                He gives a great catch of fish (Jn. 21:1-14)

                He restores Peter (Jn. 21:15 -19)

                He affirms His Lordship (Jn. 21:20 -23)

1A. Initiating Sabbath Lordship, Jesus bestows the Holy Spirit (Jn. 20:19 -23)

            It may be somewhat difficult to put this account together with the day of Pentecost because Pentecost was the time of the Spirit’s coming to empower the new covenant church (Acts 1:4-5). So this is sometimes called John’s Pentecost and a kind of pre-Pentecost, a stage in the process of preparing the apostles for Pentecost and the work they will have to do when the Spirit is poured out on the church.

            This pre-Pentecostal bestowal of the Spirit is surely significant in the change in the apostles from dismay to joy that occurred before the day of Pentecost (Lk. 24:52-53, “they returned to Jerusalem with great joy, and were continually in the temple blessing God”).

            But what is most important from John’s account is that the gift of the Spirit was associated with the promise that the apostles will have the power to forgive or withhold forgiveness ( 20:23 ). This is best understood as a promise of apostolic authority: they will be enabled to testify to the reality of forgiveness for what they say on earth will be true in heaven (Matt. 16:19 , whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven). They will give a Spirit empowered and thus infallible witness to the truth of forgiveness through the work of Christ.

            Bottom line: Jesus initiated His Sabbath kingship by giving the Spirit to make the apostles the foundation of His church. Ultimately, these words direct us to the NT as the testimony of our king by the Spirit and through the apostles. Jesus is giver of the Spirit, giver of the unique apostolic witness, thus giver of the NT, and through these means the giver of forgiveness of sin.

 

2A. Our Sabbath king announces the blessing of the church

            By the Thomas meeting Jesus not only drove home the fact of the resurrection but He announced (pronounced) the blessing of the church in the time of His absence (Jn. 20:28 -29):

Thomas answered him, "My Lord and my God!" 29 Jesus said to him, "Have you believed because you have seen me? Blessed are those who have not seen and yet have believed."

We walk by faith not by sight (2 Cor. 5:7). It is not a bad thing to walk by sight because it means that Christ is again present with us. It is not that faith is good and sight is bad; indeed, sight is the greatest good because it means that the journey has attained its goal.  So this word to Thomas is a word to the church on the way to seeing. It is a word to you and me as we live in this time and we do not see Jesus in the flesh. He is no longer here on earth but has ascended to the throne on high.

            This is a promise and comfort to us. It helps us orient ourselves to the nature of things and the structure imposed on history by our Sabbath king. He is Lord of the Sabbath and thus Lord of the weekly cycles of earth history. He has appointed this time of His absence from us but it is the way of blessing: you are blessed in believing without seeing. So trust Him, entrust yourself to Him.

 

3A. Our risen king gives a great catch of fish (Jn. 21:1-14)

            Remember the apostles were called to “catch men.” “Fishers of men” is what they will in fact be. What a loving, down to earth, and reassuring way to reinforce the apostolic calling with great promise for the time between! Consider what transpires. Jesus speaks to the apostles out in the boat fishing and calls them children (21:5a). He then tells them to cast their nets on the other side of the boat and they will find some fish (5b). They obey and catch so many fish that it was difficult to haul them in; this blessed catch of fish led them to recognize that it was Jesus: “It is the Lord” (v. 7). Next Jesus told them to haul the fish ashore which led them to observe the fact that so many large fish were caught without tarring the net (v. 11). Finally, with the “charcoal fire in place with fish laid out on it and bread” (v. 9) Jesus invited the apostles to “Come and have breakfast”; then Jesus ate with them (v. 13). It is amazing that no more is recorded. Nothing else that Jesus said during that breakfast by the Sea of Tiberias is reported as part of the NT testimony to the gospel. The story is the lesson for the church. The risen Sabbath king/Lord of lords initiates His Headship over the church by giving the apostles a great catch of fish. What do we learn?

            As the apostles follow the Lord’s directives for their work of fishing for men (and they will do so by the power of the Spirit bestowed on them) their work will in fact be successful: there will be a great catch of people to make up the church that Christ is building. Jesus is revealed here as the Great Fisherman. So down through the ages while He is absent the church will be drawn from the sea of nations into His family to be His children along with the apostles. A great future is promised; the great catch of fish is under way.

            Finally, we should note that we are to do all of our work by hearing His word in two ways: a) He calls out to us and gives us direction (the apostolic NT), and b) He promises that when the fish have all been hauled ashore, we will rest and have breakfast with Him, to eat and drink with Him in the consummation of the kingdom of God. This is simply another way of reassuring us that we travel now and work with the promise of eternal Sabbath rest always out in front of us. Rest with Him is at the end of our work. This account raises our hope of success on the way and of safe arrival to heaven in the end.  It is so because Jesus is the universal sovereign, risen Lord, Sabbath king, Head of all things, and Head of the church.

 

4A. The Head of the church teaches the duties of pastor and flock (Jn. 21:15 -19)

            Of all the things that might be said and were said, we have very few recorded. The ones recorded become all the more important. They shape the memory of the church for the time between.

            Peter had denied the Lord three times and His love for the Lord is expressed three times though somewhat reluctantly and humbly. Central in this account is the point that love for Christ will lead to the feeding of His lambs and sheep ( 21:15 , 16, 17). Peter represents the apostles and with the apostles he represents all ministers of the church. As pastors enter into the apostolic labors they do so by means of the apostolic word, their testimony to Christ now found in the NT. So both pastor and flock are taught the duty of feeding and being fed. Both are taught the importance of the written testimony to the Bread of life in the NT. Our Sabbath king tells pastors and He tells me that love for Him will issue in the great task of feeding the flock on the word of life. Our Sabbath king tells members of the church and He tells you that your love for Him will issue in the great task of receiving nourishment on the word of life.

            To reiterate what we have so far: by the Spirit, in the time between with Jesus absent, there will be a great catch of people, and they are to be fed and receive feeding as the lambs and sheep of Christ.

 

5A. The Lord of the Sabbath affirms His Lordship over discipleship (Jn. 21:18 -23)

            “Follow me” (Jn. 21:19); these are the words that summon Peter to follow Christ, to follow Him to the very end, to his very death by which he will glorify God (21:18-19a). Peter, of course, cannot keep a thought in his head; he must say something, he must inquire about what will happen to the young apostle John (vs. 21-22): “What about this man?” And Jesus said, “If it is my will that he remain until I come, what is that to you? You follow me!”

            What a marvelous lesson for us all regarding discipleship under the Lordship of Christ. You follow me. Do not look around at what others are doing, at their circumstances and blessings. Comparing your lot with that of others can be a dangerous spiritual and emotional pitfall. Instead of doing that, Jesus says, “follow me; you follow me.” Jesus is the Lord of our living and of our dying. He is the Lord of discipleship. He is provident Lord of history. He is the giver of the Spirit as the gift of His atoning work. He is the one we trust in the time between. He is bringing in the great catch of fish; He calls us to giving and receiving gospel food; and He is the Lord of life and death. Our Sabbath king holds the keys of death and hell. Our goal in all learning must be following. So whether we live or whether we die, in whatever we do we must remember to do it all in honor to our Sabbath king who set these basic things in place until the end of the age because He is:

            Giver of the Spirit

            Object of faith

            Great fisherman

            Good shepherd

            Lord of discipleship